AI Agent Economy · Infrastructure Series

The Layers of the Agent Infrastructure Stack

Every layer the agent economy is built on — researched, one asset at a time.

Autonomous agents do not run on a single chain or a single idea. They run on a stack — settlement, execution, compute, intelligence, memory, data, verification, and the networks that let agents find and pay each other.

Each layer below is a distinct piece of that infrastructure, and each links to a full evergreen article on the asset that best represents it: what you actually own, what would prove the thesis right or wrong, and how serious investors hold it. Structural relevance and price are separate questions — market structure is maintained in the companion MKT.TRADE outlooks.

The Stack

The Agent Infrastructure Stack, layer by layer

Coordination
Agent Networks · Coordination & Commerce

FET & Virtuals — where agents find each other and trade

One agent is a tool; a network of agents is infrastructure. FET ties together agent discovery, coordination, and machine-to-machine work; Virtuals provides the launch, ownership, and commerce rails when agents become economic actors.

FET: Agent Networks →   Virtuals: Agent Commerce →
Intents · Chain Abstraction

NEAR — agents declare outcomes, solvers fulfill them

Agents declare what they want; solvers compete to fulfill it across chains. NEAR is the clearest base-layer expression of the intent thesis — usability and chain abstraction for autonomous action.

NEAR: Intents →
Capability
Verifiable Trust · Cryptoeconomic Security

EigenCloud — trust the records, don't just assert them

Can an agent trust the records and computations underneath it? EigenCloud supplies verifiable trust through restaking — cryptoeconomic security and verifiable computation that lets agents rely on results rather than take them on faith.

EigenCloud: Verifiable Trust →
Intelligence · Machine Intelligence Markets

Bittensor, Allora & Sentient — producing, synthesizing, and opening up intelligence

A model is a product; an intelligence market is infrastructure. Bittensor turns the production of machine intelligence into a competitive market; Allora synthesizes many models into a single accuracy-weighted prediction; Sentient opens the reasoning components themselves to collaborative development.

Bittensor →   Allora →   Sentient →
Compute · GPU, Cloud, Confidential & On-Chain

Render, Akash, Aethir, ICP & Phala — the power agents run on

Agents run on compute. Render coordinates distributed GPU; Akash is an open cloud marketplace; Aethir supplies enterprise-grade GPU; Internet Computer hosts software and state on-chain; and Phala adds confidential, TEE-based execution for workloads that must stay private.

Render →   Akash →   Aethir →   ICP →   Phala →
Memory · Verifiable Storage & Permanent Records

Filecoin & Arweave — where agent memory persists

Memory is what allows intelligence to compound. Filecoin is a market for verifiable storage with cryptographic proof that data is being kept; Arweave funds permanence up front — pay once, store permanently — for records that must outlive the application.

Filecoin →   Arweave →
Data · Trusted Information

Chainlink — what's true before an agent acts

Agents need to know what is true before they act. Chainlink is the clearest investable expression of trusted-data and oracle infrastructure — verified external information delivered on-chain.

Chainlink: Data →
Markets
Execution · Transaction Scale

Solana — where agents act, fast

Execution is the line between an agent that decides and an agent that acts. Solana is the clearest execution-first architecture — the high-performance environment where agent activity and DeFi actually settle into transactions.

Solana: Execution →
Settlement · Ownership & Finality · The Foundation

Ethereum & 0G — where ownership becomes final

Settlement is the foundation: where ownership is recorded and made final. Ethereum settles more stablecoin value and tokenized assets than any other network; and 0G is a purpose-built, full-stack chain for agents — compute, storage, data availability, and an EVM L1 in one.

Ethereum →   0G →

The Agent Infrastructure Index is the managed expression of this research.

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